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States of emergency in France : ウィキペディア英語版 | States of emergency in France
Three main provisions concern various kind of "states of emergency" in France. Two of those provisions emanates from the Constitution of 1958 and the third from a statute. Article 16 of the Constitution allows, in time of crisis, "extraordinary powers" to the president. Article 36 of the same constitution regulates "state of siege" (''état de siège''). Finally, the Act of 3 April 1955 allows the proclamation, by the President, of the "state of emergency" (''état d'urgence''). There are distinctions between article 16, article 36 and the 1955 Act, which concerns mainly the distribution of powers. These dispositions have been used at various times, in 1955, 1958, 1961, 1988, 2005, and 2015. == Legal framework == The French Constitution, adopted in October 1958, was drafted with both the experience of the difficulties experienced by the executive in 1940 during the Battle of France and taking into account the contemporary state of affairs, namely the Algerian war.
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